What have you accomplished today?

[Emily]

Played around with a few things.

More: show

sick visa. the language looks like icelandic and hungarian had a baby

[Travis B.]

Been adding more detail to my sister language of Rihalle Kaafi, aptly named Reháľa Kâp (hint: the names mean the same thing in each language, and they look more different when written than when pronounced; the only real difference between the two names beyond phonetic details is the latter has no genitive case in it, as the latter language has lost case unless you call the status constructus a 'case').

[þeprussianfrog]

Made the colours for Fevornian. What's next is probably the update on their approach to Latinate nouns (which really can't not be unique when you're the world's last non-Romance Italic branch...)

[þeprussianfrog]

Pronouns!

[lëtzeshark]

sick visa. the language looks like icelandic and hungarian had a baby

Thank you. Though Ilian (the language of the passport) is more the Hungarian–Estonian lovechild, while indeed the Germanic language on the visa (Mis/Mislandic) is a mix between Icelandic and other assorted Germanic languages. (You know, more excuses to make more shiny things...)

[Emily]

taking a short break from modern gothic to pick up work on a new ie-derived language that i started a while back. i think i got the consonant changes mostly where i want them (the most significant changes are 1. the laryngeals stick around much more persistently than in any irl language, 2. most of the consonant clusters reduce to single consonants, but in often unexpected ways, and 3. the voiceless stops become voiced stops, the voiced stops become voiced fricatives, and the aspirates become liquids. oh and /r/ merges into /l/ [but is later re-introduced as the reflex of /dʰ/). today i started working on the vowels but i'm having a little more difficulty finding inspiration there. but at least the nice thing about this hobby is that, especially in this stage, a lot of the work i do on it is in excel, so i can do it at the office and it looks like i'm actually working

[Emily]

all right, here's draft one of sound changes:

More: show

• /r/ becomes /l/
• short mid vowels become lax in closed syllables (counting syllabic consonants as consonants, as well as laryngeals in certain positions): /e/ > /ɛ/, /o/ > /ɔ/
• syllabic consonants vocalize: if stressed, they become /Có/; if unstressed, they become /Cə/ word-finally, /C/ if followed by a stressed vowel, and /Ca/ otherwise; a pre-existing vowel is deleted after /Có/ or /Ca/ (unless that vowel is /o/ or /a/ respectively, in which case it is assimilated into a newly lengthened vowel)
• laryngeals become vowels between two consonants, or when word-initial before at least two consonants: h₁ > /ə/, h₂ > /ɐ/, h₃ > /ɵ/
• remaining laryngeals become consonants: h₁ > /h/, h₂ > /ʃ/, h₃ > /x/ (any geminates collapse, with compensatory lengthening of a preceding vowel)
• clusters with laryngeals have various outcomes:
  • any combination of one laryngeal consonant with another laryngeal or /s/ collapses, with the remaining consonant being the one that occurs higher on the priority list: /ʃ/ (highest), /x/, /s/, /h/ (lowest, always deletes) — /hs/ > /s/, /ʃx/ > /ʃ/, /sx/ > /x/
  • clusters with /h/:
    • after /h/, voiced stops and voiced aspirated stops become voiceless stops /h/: /hb/ > /hp/, /hdʰ/ > /ht/
    • before /h/, voiceless and voiced stops become voiced aspirates and the /h/ is deleted: /ph/ > /bʰ/, /dh/ > /dʰ/
    • after a consonant, /h/ becomes /ə/ if word-final and is deleted otherwise
  • clusters with /ʃ/:
    • before a voiced stop (including aspirates), /ʃ/ becomes /ʒ/
    • all stops except the labial series (/p b bʰ/) become /ʧ/ after /ʃ/ and /ʤ/ after /ʒ/
    • a cluster of a stop followed by /ʃ ʒ/ reduces, becoming /ʃ/ if the stop is voiceless and /ʒ/ otherwise
  • clusters with /x/:
    • dental, palatovelar, and velar stops become labiovelar stops after /x/: /xḱ/ > /xkʷ/, /xdʰ/ > /xgʷʰ/
    • before a voiced stop or aspirate, /x/ becomes /ɣ/
    • a cluster of a stop followed by /x ɣ/ reduces, becoming /x/ if the stop is voiceless and /ɣ/ otherwise
  • clusters with liquids and nasals:
    • a (former) laryngeal assimilates to a following nasal or liquid:
      • /h ʃ x/ become /s/ before /l n/
      • /h ʃ x/ become /f/ before /w m/
      • /h ʃ x/ become /ʃ/ before /j/
      • /ʒ ɣ/ become /z/ before /l n/
      • /ʒ ɣ/ become /v/ before /w m/
      • /ʒ ɣ/ become /ʒ/ before /j/
    • a nasal or liquid followed by /h ʃ ʒ x ɣ/ is deleted, with compensatory lengthening of a preceding vowel
• vowels preceded by /w/ or by labiovelars are backed and rounded:
  • /a, ɛ/ > /ɔ/
  • /e/ > /o/
  • /i/ > /u/
  • /ə, ɐ/ > /ɵ/
  • also /é/ > /ó/, /ī́/ > /ū́/, etc.
• vowels preceded by /j ʃ ʒ/ or by palatovelars are fronted and unrounded:
  • /a, ɔ/ > /ɛ/
  • /o/ > /e/
  • /u/ > /i/
  • /ə, ɐ, ɵ/ > /ɨ/
  • also /ó/ > /é/, /ū́/ > /ī́/, etc.
• main consonant shift: a massive shift involving stops as well as /s/; these sounds develop differently depending on whether they are in a cluster, but all these changes happen at essentially the same time, so when /kl/ becomes /g/ due to liquid assimilation, it does not subsequently become /*z/ from the shift of voiced stops to voiced fricatives, because these two steps are part of the same process
  • cluster changes
    • a cluster of (A) stop + stop, (B) stop + fricative, (C) /s/ + stop, or (D) /s/ + fricative becomes a fricative; the voicing matches that of the second consonant (voiced aspirates are considered voiced), and the point of articulation matches that of the first consonant: /sbʰ/ > /z/, /pk/ > /f/
    • in a cluster of a stop followed by a liquid, the liquid is deleted, with some (but not all) stops assimilating to the liquid before deletion:
      • dental, palatovelar, and velar stops become labiovelar stops before /w/
      • dental, velar, and labiovelar stops become palatovelar before /j/
      • voiceless stops become voiced before /l/
      • all voiced aspirates become plain voiced stops before any of these liquids
    • after a vowel only, /s/ is deleted before a nasal consonant, and a liquid or nasal is deleted before /s/, all with compensatory lengthening of preceding vowels
    • a stop is deleted before a homorganic nasal consonant (i.e. labial stops before /m/ and dental stops before /n/), with compensatory lengthening of a preceding vowel
    • non-homorganic stops become fricatives before nasals:
      • before /m/, voiced stops (including aspirates) become /v/ and voiceless stops become /f/
      • before /n/, voiced stops (including aspirates) become /z/ and voiceless stops become /s/ (these are not subject to the /s/ deletion described above)
    • a cluster of /s/ followed by a liquid becomes a fricative: /sl/ > /s/, /sj/ > /ʃ/, /sw/ > /f/
    • in a cluster of either two liquids or two nasals (but not one of each), the first is deleted, with compensatory lengthening of preceding vowels
    • before a liquid, an empenthetical /b/ is inserted after /m/ and a /d/ is inserted after /n/
  • solo consonant changes (#_V, V_#, V_V):
    • labiovelar stops merge into the labials: /kʷ/ > /p/, /gʷ/ > /b/, /gʷʰ/ > /bʰ/ (strictly speaking this happens after the rest of this consonant shift, but the sca is cleaner if it's entered before)
    • voiced aspirates become liquids:
      • /bʰ/ > /w/
      • /dʰ/ > /r/
      • /ǵʰ/ > /j/
      • /gʰ/ > /ɰ/
      • (/gʷʰ/ > /w/)
    • plain voiced stops become voiced fricatives:
      • /b/ > /v/
      • /d/ > /z/
      • /ǵ/ > /ʒ/
      • /g/ > /ɣ/
      • (/gʷ/ > /ɣʷ/ > /v/)
    • voiceless stops become voiced stops:
      • /p/ > /b/
      • /t/ > /d/
      • /ḱ/ > /ʤ/
      • /k/ > /g/
      • (/kʷ/ > /gʷ/ > /b/)
• /h/ becomes /x/ before a consonant or when word-final
• obstruent clusters with mixed voicing assimilate to the voicing of the final consonant in the cluster
• central vowels strengthen into plain vowels:
  • /ə/ > /ɛ/
  • /ɐ/ > /a/
  • /ɵ/ > /ɔ/
  • /ɨ/ > /e/
  • /ə̄/ > /ē/
  • /ɐ̄/ > /ā/
  • /ɵ̄/ > /ū/
  • /ɨ̄/ > /ī/
• semivowels become vowels (/j/ > /i/, /w ɰ/ > /u/) when (A) word-initial before a consonant, (B) between two consonants, or (C) word-final after a consonant
• in those same environments, other resonants (/l r/ and nasals) have an epenthetical vowel inserted after them
  • if the resonant is word-initial, the vowel matches that of the first syllable
  • if the resonant is word-final, the vowel matches that of the last syllable
  • if the resonant is medial, the vowel matches that of the preceding syllable if that syllable is stressed (or if there is no following syllable), and that of the following syllable otherwise
• nasal consonants preceding any non-nasal consonant except /h/ assimilate to that consonant's point of articulation: /m/ before labials, /n/ before dentals, /ɲ/ before palatals, /ŋ/ before velars
• after a vowel, /w/ becomes /m/ before a nasal consonant, /f/ before a voiceless consonant, and /v/ before a voiced obstruent or word-finally
• after a vowel, /j/ becomes /ʃ/ before a voiceless consonant, and /ʒ/ before any other consonant or word-finally
• a word-final stop is deleted after another stop, and a word-final fricative is deleted after another fricative
• all geminated consonants are collapsed, with compensatory lengthening of preceding vowels
• long vowels become diphthongs:
  • stressed:
    • /ā/> /ɐa/ > /ɔa/
    • /ɛ̄/> /əɛ/ > /ai/
    • /ē/> /ɨe/ > /ie/
    • /ī/> /ɨi/ > /ei/
    • /ɔ̄/> /ɵɔ/ > /ɔa/
    • /ō/> /ɵo/ > /au/
    • /ū/> /ɵu/ > /ou/
  • unstressed:
    • /ā/ > /əa/ > /ɔa/
    • /ɛ̄/ > /əɛ/ > /ai/
    • /ē/ > /əe/ > /ai/
    • /ī/ > /əi/ > /ai/
    • /ɔ̄/ > /əɔ/ > /au/
    • /ō/ > /əo/ > /au/
    • /ū/ > /əu/ > /au/

these will probably also be followed by stress shifts but i need to look more into that

so some quick results (with no stress changes or morphological leveling) give us:

More: show

• numbers:
  • 1: sḗm → síém
  • 2: dwóh₁ → vɔ́x
  • 3: tréyes → déjɛs
  • 4: kʷetwóres → bɔbólɛs
  • 5: pénkʷe → bɛ́mbo
  • 6: swéḱs → fɔ́ʃ
  • 7: septḿ̥ → sɛfmó
  • 8: oḱtṓw → ɔʃáúv (or h₃eḱtéh₃ → xɛʃɛ́x?)
  • 9: h₁néwn̥ → snɛ́mnɛ
  • 10: déḱm̥ → zɛ́fmɛ
  • 20: wídḱm̥ti → wóúmadi
  • 30: tridḱómt → disɛ́nd
  • 40: kʷétwr̥dḱomt → bɔ́blasɛnd
  • 50: pénkʷedḱomt → bɛ́mbɔsɛnd
  • 60: swéḱsdḱomt → fɔ́ʒzɛnd
  • 70: septḿ̥dḱomt → sɛfmósɛnd
  • 80: oḱtódḱomt → ɔʃɔ́sɛnd
  • 90: h₁néwn̥dḱomt → snɛ́mnasɛnd
  • 100: ḱm̥tóm → fmadɔ́m
• family terms (nom sg, gen sg):
  • father: ph₂tḗr, ph₂trés → badíél, badɛ́s
  • mother: méh₂tēr, méh₂tr̥s → mɛ́ʃʧail, mɛ́ʃʧas
  • brother: bʰréh₂tēr, bʰréh₂tr̥s → wɛ́ʃʧail, wɛ́ʃʧas
  • sister: swésōr, susrés → fósaul, susɛ́s
  • son: suHnús, suHnóws → saunús, saunɔ́ás
  • daughter: dʰugh₂tḗr, dʰugtrés → ruɣadíél, ruxlɛ́s
• miscellaneous nouns:
  • bear: h₂ŕ̥tḱos → sósɛs
  • horse: h₁éḱwos → hɛ́bɔs
  • water: wódr̥ → wɔ́zɛ
  • wheel: kʷékʷlos → bɔ́bɔs
  • wolf: wĺ̥kʷos → lóbɔs
• pres ind conjugation of copula:
  • 1sg: h₁ésmi → háími
  • 2sg: h₁ési → hési
  • 3sg: h₁ésti → hɛ́si
  • 1du: h₁suós → suɔ́s (or ɛfɔ́s? is the reconstructed -u- supposed to be a -w-?)
  • 2du: h₁stés → ɛsɛ́s
  • 3du: h₁stés → ɛsɛ́s
  • 1pl: h₁sm̥ós → aimɔ́s
  • 2pl: h₁sté → ɛsé
  • 3pl: h₁sénti → sɛ́ndi
• full declension of ḱwṓ "dog":
  • nom sg: ḱwṓ → báú
  • voc sg: ḱwón → bɔ́n
  • acc sg: ḱwónm̥ → bɔ́ámɛ
  • gen/abl sg: ḱunés → ʤinɛ́s
  • dat sg: ḱunéy → ʤinɛ́ʒ
  • loc sg: ḱwén → bɔ́n (or ḱwéni → bóni?)
  • inst sg: ḱunéh₁ → ʤinɛ́x
  • nom/voc/acc du: ḱwónh₁e → bóne (or ḱwónh₁ → bónɛ?)
  • nom/voc pl: ḱwónes → bónɛs
  • acc pl: ḱwónm̥s → bɔ́ámas
  • gen pl: ḱunóHom → ʤinóhɔm (or ʤinóʃɛm or ʤinóxɔm, depending on the reconstruction of H)
  • abl/dat pl: ḱwn̥mós → snamɔ́s (or ḱwn̥bʰós → snawɔ́s?)
  • loc pl: ḱwn̥sú → snasú
  • inst pl: ḱwn̥mís → snamís (or ḱwn̥bʰís → snawís?)

these changes are just a rough draft (i revised some of them even as i was typing this post), and the words used in the examples are just the reconstructions found on wikipedia and wiktionary. i need to do more real research and pick a reconstruction that works well for me in order to really go into it. but that's where i'm at with this

[quinterbeck]

so some quick results (with no stress changes or morphological leveling) give us:

More: show

• numbers:
  • 1: sḗm → síém
  • 2: dwóh₁ → vɔ́x
  • 3: tréyes → déjɛs
  • 4: kʷetwóres → bɔbólɛs
  • 5: pénkʷe → bɛ́mbo
  • 6: swéḱs → fɔ́ʃ
  • 7: septḿ̥ → sɛfmó
  • 8: oḱtṓw → ɔʃáúv (or h₃eḱtéh₃ → xɛʃɛ́x?)
  • 9: h₁néwn̥ → snɛ́mnɛ
  • 10: déḱm̥ → zɛ́fmɛ
  • 20: wídḱm̥ti → wóúmadi
  • 30: tridḱómt → disɛ́nd
  • 40: kʷétwr̥dḱomt → bɔ́blasɛnd
  • 50: pénkʷedḱomt → bɛ́mbɔsɛnd
  • 60: swéḱsdḱomt → fɔ́ʒzɛnd
  • 70: septḿ̥dḱomt → sɛfmósɛnd
  • 80: oḱtódḱomt → ɔʃɔ́sɛnd
  • 90: h₁néwn̥dḱomt → snɛ́mnasɛnd
  • 100: ḱm̥tóm → fmadɔ́m
• family terms (nom sg, gen sg):
  • father: ph₂tḗr, ph₂trés → badíél, badɛ́s
  • mother: méh₂tēr, méh₂tr̥s → mɛ́ʃʧail, mɛ́ʃʧas
  • brother: bʰréh₂tēr, bʰréh₂tr̥s → wɛ́ʃʧail, wɛ́ʃʧas
  • sister: swésōr, susrés → fósaul, susɛ́s
  • son: suHnús, suHnóws → saunús, saunɔ́ás
  • daughter: dʰugh₂tḗr, dʰugtrés → ruɣadíél, ruxlɛ́s
• miscellaneous nouns:
  • bear: h₂ŕ̥tḱos → sósɛs
  • horse: h₁éḱwos → hɛ́bɔs
  • water: wódr̥ → wɔ́zɛ
  • wheel: kʷékʷlos → bɔ́bɔs
  • wolf: wĺ̥kʷos → lóbɔs
• pres ind conjugation of copula:
  • 1sg: h₁ésmi → háími
  • 2sg: h₁ési → hési
  • 3sg: h₁ésti → hɛ́si
  • 1du: h₁suós → suɔ́s (or ɛfɔ́s? is the reconstructed -u- supposed to be a -w-?)
  • 2du: h₁stés → ɛsɛ́s
  • 3du: h₁stés → ɛsɛ́s
  • 1pl: h₁sm̥ós → aimɔ́s
  • 2pl: h₁sté → ɛsé
  • 3pl: h₁sénti → sɛ́ndi
• full declension of ḱwṓ "dog":
  • nom sg: ḱwṓ → báú
  • voc sg: ḱwón → bɔ́n
  • acc sg: ḱwónm̥ → bɔ́ámɛ
  • gen/abl sg: ḱunés → ʤinɛ́s
  • dat sg: ḱunéy → ʤinɛ́ʒ
  • loc sg: ḱwén → bɔ́n (or ḱwéni → bóni?)
  • inst sg: ḱunéh₁ → ʤinɛ́x
  • nom/voc/acc du: ḱwónh₁e → bóne (or ḱwónh₁ → bónɛ?)
  • nom/voc pl: ḱwónes → bónɛs
  • acc pl: ḱwónm̥s → bɔ́ámas
  • gen pl: ḱunóHom → ʤinóhɔm (or ʤinóʃɛm or ʤinóxɔm, depending on the reconstruction of H)
  • abl/dat pl: ḱwn̥mós → snamɔ́s (or ḱwn̥bʰós → snawɔ́s?)
  • loc pl: ḱwn̥sú → snasú
  • inst pl: ḱwn̥mís → snamís (or ḱwn̥bʰís → snawís?)

I'm curious to see how the initial consonant alternation in the declension of 'dog' extends into the rest of the noun space. E.g. the proportion of nouns exhibiting such alternations and whether they fall into distinct classes or are very idiosyncratic. Very fun project

[Travis B.]

I am surprised that 'dog' has not undergone some sort of leveling or splitting into separate lexemes myself.

[Emily]

I am surprised that 'dog' has not undergone some sort of leveling or splitting into separate lexemes myself.

it probably will, i'm still only in the basic sound changes phase. these are just the raw sca output with no adjustments

[Travis B.]

I am surprised that 'dog' has not undergone some sort of leveling or splitting into separate lexemes myself.

it probably will, i'm still only in the basic sound changes phase. these are just the raw sca output with no adjustments

One I just thought of is you could do something like have b-words for 'dog' and ʤ-words for, say, 'puppy'.

[lëtzeshark]

More playtime.

More: show

[Travis B.]

More playtime.

More: show

A minor nitpick -- is there any reason why the French for "nationality" is given as "nationality"?

[lëtzeshark]

More playtime.

More: show

A minor nitpick -- is there any reason why the French for "nationality" is given as "nationality"?

An error I should fix. (Thanks for pointing it out!)

[lëtzeshark]

Also, as a random thought, might there be interest in a "how to make a passport data page" tutorial? I have no idea how much energy I'd have to do one, but if there's interest, I'd definitely make energy.

[Lērisama]

Also, as a random thought, might there be interest in a "how to make a passport data page" tutorial? I have no idea how much energy I'd have to do one, but if there's interest, I'd definitely make energy.

I'd be very curious, but I'm not sure I'd have the time or skills to make use of it myself.

[Qwynegold]

I have finally finished translating an excerpt from the first Game of Thrones book into Proto-Dwarvish. Sorry I don't have the plain text English; I translated this from Swedish.

"Vi venda apftæ mit tsirving", Gæred seighælksta tsankghingkhardaldastap bæi dzatsæit dzaprigbirghæ qirbreitæ mirgir bougruvind tsei bæi volt.
1PL turn-GNO back with necessity Garet say-PRF persistently at when.CONJ IMPF-NVOL.PASS-begin become dark around 3PL at forest

"Raubmukheinanurqæ qirau deighaqir."
thief-PL COP-PRS dead

"Dzu dzat deighabanurqæ firækhtæntsits?" Veimar Rous zbirghælksta ankhir dzapkhlæighæ zavakstap.
2SG ACC.AGR.DIST dead-PL fear-GNO-Q Waymar Royce ask-PRF CONJ IMPF-smile weakly

Gæred nikh dzapdonan sqe saulbolz kheibædzer, ankhirsa khei dzapqir gamædz, tivlitsind dizen pfidzvor, ankhir khei dzapzin dzat ungzulingurqæ gouldzinligh ganokhos qiman ankhir gangan.
Gared NEG IMPF-do so self VOL.PASS.ANIM-tease because 3SG IMPF-COP old past twelve four CONJ 3SG IMPF-see COMP youngling-PL posh many come and go

"Bæi flidghænaningfulk dværghein qirau deighaqir sqe dværghein qirau, firqirfolkhir vi dzat deighabanurqæ nikh anrakzinau", khei seighælksta.
at case INDEF.PRON COP-PRS dead so INDEF.PRON COP-PRS but 1PL ACC.AGR.DIST dead-PL NEG deal-PRS 3SG say-PRF

"Tsei qirau vouvæstap deighaqir?" Rous vanerulksta mit maulkhlighoudz mel.
3PL COP-PRS really dead Royce wonder-PRF with voice smooth

"Vi dzis ertanbirghats fada khaldau?"
1PL ACC.AGR.PROX evidence what.ADJ have-PRS

"Vil dzær tsei zinksta", Gæred ænserulksta, "ankhir bæi flidghænaningfulk khei seighæ dzat tsei qirau deighaqir sqe ge qirau mit ertanbirghats fulksmlurqæ bvour ik."
Will ACC.AGR.DIST 3PL see-PRF Gared answer-PRF CONJ at case 3SG say-GNO COMP 3PL COP-PRS dead so it COP-PRS with evidence enough for 1SG

Vil læisalksta dzat tsei dzis khei dzapslakhanantind tsumont kæmpfening bæi stundnar mei tsingots stundsloustap mei, ankhir khei dzapvolen dzat ge dzapqir stundsloustap mei.
Will know-PRF COMP they ACC.AGR.PROX 3SG IMPF-engage into quarrel soon more or later more, CONJ 3SG IMPF-want COMP it IMPF-COP later more

"Midzer iks khær ik læisadzatbrængulksta dzat deighabanurqæ dzat sindzingurqæ karnfanikh sindzæ", khei zetemontulksta.
mother 1SG-GEN ACC.AGR.PROX 1SG tell-PRF COMP dead-PL ACC.AGR.DIST song-PL no sing-GNO, 3SG insert-PRF

"Melkzæighekhænd iks dzat tsing sem læisadzatbrængulksta, Vil", Rous seighælksta, "firqirfolkhir dværghein dzat tsing khlou mit tsirving nikhtsæit fad rigkhornau bæi brighoust qindæs.
wetnurse 1SG-GEN ACC.AGR.DIST thing same tell-PRF, Will, Royce say-PRF, but INDEF.PRON ACC.AGR.DIST thing believe-GNO with necessity never what NVOL.PASS-hear-PRS at breast woman-GEN

Deighabanurqæ tsingurqæ læisadzatbrængsqe khalda mit qirfad."
dead-PL thing-PL tell-PASS.PTCP have-GNO with maybe

Maulkhlighoudz kheis dzapkhlighoudzkhlighoudzghæ mikenstap aurflæidus bæi mirgirskapsekhqing voltæs.
voice 3SG-GEN IMPF-echo loudly too at dusk forest-GEN

There are some awfully long words here, but I'm thinking that during the primordial times when this language was spoken, the dwarves just were not in a rush. For the daughterlangs I will shorten these words though.

[bradrn]

Is this a Germanic language? What with venda ‘turn’, seigh- ‘say’, deigh- ‘dead’, nikh ‘NEG’, dværghein ‘INDF.PRON’ [‘dwarves’?], mit ‘with’, vi ‘we’, etc. etc.

[xxx]

maybe a universal language could not be understood by everyone who heard it...

[Qwynegold]

Is this a Germanic language? What with venda ‘turn’, seigh- ‘say’, deigh- ‘dead’, nikh ‘NEG’, dværghein ‘INDF.PRON’ [‘dwarves’?], mit ‘with’, vi ‘we’, etc. etc.

I have taken nearly all the words from Germanic languages, but not in any systematic way. Dværghein is actually literally "one dwarf".