Yeah, he did. The robots in Late Asimov are creepy, but I don't think he necessarily realized that.
Good question. Jules Verne's work is as apolitical as it gets. (Except that he hated the English, but what do you expect from a 19th century Frenchman?) I know he was involved in politics, as a moderate royalist or a not-entirely-convinced republican. (Which I guess would sort of translate as centrism.)If that's the case, then why wasn't the same true for what you might call "pre-classical" SF? The best-known SF writers of that period were Jules Verne and H. G. Wells, neither of whom, as far as I can see, was conservative.
British science-fiction is, for some reason, very different from American SF. There are exceptions (Clarke, most notably) but it's often noticeably leftist, quite melancholy and it tends to lack the optimism about technology.